DOI:10.35833/MPCE.2021.000192 Characterization and Trading of Energy Level and Energy Shift Considering Virtual Power Plant Page view: 0        Net amount: 276 Author: Shuai Fan1, Jucheng Xiao1, Zuyi Li2, Guangyu He1 Author Affiliation: 1. Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China 2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA Foundation: This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2019YFE0122600) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51877134). Abstract: The capability of shifting the electricity generation or consumption to proper time of the day, also defined as energy shift (ES), is the key factor to ensure the power balance， especially under high penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE). However, the ES is not characterized and traded as an independent product in current market mechanisms. In this letter, the marginal utility of an ES is assessed and leveraged to characterize the effective ES, while a novel market scheme is proposed considering the trading of both ES and energy level (EL). The proposed scheme can well integrate ES producers such as virtual power plants that cannot be rewarded sufficiently to actively participate in the current market because they are principally labeled as EL consumers. Finally, the novel concept and mechanism are illustrated by a numerical study and verified to outperform the existing price schemes on integrating the ES resources and VRE. Keywords: Energy level ; energy shift ; variable renewable energy ; virtual power plant ; marginal utility Received:March 19, 2021               Online Time:2022/11/21 View Full Text       Download reader