Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Low-frequency Oscillations and Resonance Analysis of VSG-controlled PMSG-based Wind Generation Systems
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Affiliation:

Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Fund Project:

This work was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFE0105200) and in part by the State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company Science and Technology Program (No. 5211JX230004).

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    Abstract:

    With good adaptability to weak power grids, the grid-forming inverter becomes the foundation of future power grids with high-proportion renewable energy. Moreover, the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control is recognized as the mainstream control strategy for grid-forming inverters. For permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind generation systems connected to power grid via VSG-controlled grid-forming inverters, some novel impacts on the low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) emerge in power grids. The first impact involves the negative/positive damping effect on LFOs. In this paper, the small-signal torque model of VSG-controlled PMSG-based wind generation systems is established based on the damping torque analysis method, revealing the influence mechanism of machine-side dynamics on LFOs and proving the necessity of the double-mass model for accurate stability analysis. The second impact is the resonance effect between torsional oscillation and LFOs. Subsequently, this paper uses the open-loop resonance analysis method to study the resonance mechanism and to predict the root trajectory. Then, a damping enhancement strategy is proposed to weaken and eliminate the negative damping effect of machine-side dynamics on LFOs and the resonance effect between torsional oscillation and LFOs. Finally, the analysis result is validated through a case study involving the connection of the VSG-controlled PMSG-based wind generation system to the IEEE 39-bus AC grid, supporting the industrial application and stable operation of VSG-controlled PMSG-based wind generation systems.

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History
  • Received:May 04,2024
  • Revised:July 09,2024
  • Adopted:
  • Online: January 24,2025
  • Published: