Wind power in China has experienced fast development in recent years. However, areas rich in wind power resources are often far away from loads centers, which leads to weak connection between wind turbines and power grid. When a grid fault occurs, new transient characteristics in weak grid integrated with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) may present, such as voltage phase angle jump. Current control strategies for wind turbine with strong grid connection are hard to be adapted under weak gird connection. This paper explores the transient characteristics of DFIGs under voltage phase angle jump through analyzing the operation and control characteristics of DFIGs connected into weak grid when the voltage phase angle jumps. Fault ride through (FRT) control strategy of DFIGs based on adaptive phase-locked loop is proposed to adapt weak grid condition. The reference frame of the proposed strategy will be changed in real-time to track the operation condition of DFIGs according to the terminal voltage, and different phase tracking method is adopted during the grid fault. Field data analysis and time domain simulation are carried out. The results show that voltage phase angle jumps when a grid fault occurs, which weakens the FRT capability of DFIGs, and the proposed FRT control strategy can optimize transient characteristics of DFIGs, and improve the FRT capability of DFIGs.