Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Automatic Generation Control with Virtual Synchronous Renewables
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Beijing Key Laboratory of Distribution Transform, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China
2.School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China
3.State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China

Fund Project:

This work was supported by the Research and Application of Key Technologies of Flexible Power Supply System Under Various Emergency Scenarios (No. 5442PD210001).

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    Abstract:

    As synchronous generators (SGs) are gradually displaced by renewable energy sources (RESs), the frequency stability of power systems deteriorates because RESs, represented by utility-scale solar and wind power sources, do not provide the inertial response, primary frequency response, secondary frequency response, and tertiary frequency regulation. As a result, the remaining SGs may not be sufficient to maintain the power balance and frequency stability. The concept and control strategies of virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) enable the inverter-based wind and solar power sources to emulate the outer characteristics of traditional SGs and participate in the active power and frequency control of power systems. This paper focuses on the automatic generation control (AGC) with virtual synchronous renewables (VSRs). First, the VSR strategy that enables the RESs to participate in AGC is introduced. Second, based on the interval representation of uncertainty, the output of RES is transformed into two portions, i.e., the dispatchable portion and the stochastic portion. In the dispatchable portion, the RESs can participate in AGC jointly with SGs. Accordingly, a security-constrained economic dispatch (SCED) model is built considering the RESs operating in VSR mode. Third, the solution strategy that employs the slack variables to acquire deterministic constraints is introduced. Finally, the proposed SCED model is solved based on the 6-bus and 39-bus systems. The results show that, compared with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode, VSRs can participate in the active power and frequency control jointly with SGs, increase the maximum penetration level of RESs, and decrease the operating cost.

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History
  • Received:December 29,2020
  • Revised:May 26,2021
  • Adopted:
  • Online: January 28,2023
  • Published: